FWS7  x _     C?    ?     Times New Roman   	R    wX0          (  Neurotransmission:How Neurons Talk To 
Each Other   jD N    e"` f    -o(sWD{ h苠/a8
^/N].@: ^] /|2ޏF 	%    oC0          (  Start  N    eʣV0 3    -o6uE/Z bγΠ7
	8Lu:u:C: uuŀ+\7
/ 	$    g/0          (  Start 2     %      K$     4         h@   ?    	    wp0          (  Let's assume that we start 
with two neurons that 
want to communicate.  
This view is at high 
magnification.   " N   	 e!w0 f    -n@uEvOZ bγΠ6puuS :Ru0 닜 Vb+XX 	$   
 hm0          (  Next  N    e!w0      -n@uEvOZ bγΠ6puuS :Ru0 닜 Vb+XX 	$    hm0          (  Next 3     % 	   
  N     N          @    y    mqsV5N x  3x 5\cV&ƍ(0'mJ(@  =(5h^ U{}}M 1Ԝt}D'td]J*	sf	T5miH`   )Q	(    o1ـ0  3      (  Neuron A   \ 	(    oـ0 3f      (  Neuron B   oj P   x5Jev  3f 3pSHC P 	A#6m lØY3KLi2iUTVd@:ITIy_N8Z@>lsc*
i
<uFoH1h'>9N1;q3.✖ (3PR̡([N#Mb0)Z\;;0&3_vIpa gx{=Cu6o}k쏋Q{3t&i<Wsg+4ͷv+QHd'qe:=;C轞gPυA ب丹;]p 'd~FV(]},84k_G.s莞Fiw{MLoM8cuFQD,µHsu8g	:D|
 4.e
DcLP$`VX|8<ps&-@0WDz@N
s!JE(na=;q?<R3ȝ] !?L	RNOjIJZ_Ҧu`#ی8wjG
mpM-GDĲltbhh\ub| x^jyAgOqK5EtFPuӒjZx͚SxS{5Q7ntݜ͎{G=G
n7ϕzi)se>[U@X~ӒIƜd5ࢀ@[.l֓Z6RFݘ^+69Og4uהsK    w    u@jy  ff%)Eç7S:M2څ;@q[D( 
 	SJ|\q㇠
+ߡG` O*6(BG   @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @      ?    	a    wX0          (  Neuron A has an axon, 
synaptic terminal, and 
synaptic vesicles.   x 3     % 	   
  N     N          @     )Q ?    L+j   (    5(1
d M`6F@( L pp 	        @         2`   wr   jQ  
  I    j   Ҳ1      xVL (    %h
،tl}<)΂%`Tf 0ԕ5iKkq`<\@ Է7ӛZ1A[y_WMr}1m#ɽ XZWawNI듅B+$Ii`@ohU7"ʊ+fmb/N?#hM1A9w}|wlVc΁J		q\x60    	$    o+ـ0          (  Axon   T	1    oQ 0          (  SynapticTerminal   Ƞ	(    oـ0          (  Vesicles   (S@@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @      
       ?    	N    d 0          (  Neuron B is showing 
receptors on a dendrite.   \)3     % 	   
  N     N         ( @   :   qh (    (    %&
%t߈Zh_fVkpɳs@-UY (    (    5ɉQ+5fdٹR*,E7|& (    (    %24&lt߈Zh_fVkpɳs@-UY (    (    5̩1q+5fdٹR*,E7|&     %̼߆zm[)P%L	Z|A"#vZ
Yr|uȬװ     	)    w`0          (  Receptors   K 	(    wӪb0 3f      (  Dendrite   Uk   (	  j@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @     	 ?    	v     w®v 0          (  Neurotransmission 
starts when an action 
potential arrives at the 
synaptic terminal.    3   !  % 	   
  N     N     .   ! (- @     )Q  wr.   jQ .   I .   j. 
  Ҳ1.    .   2`.    " lY90       -to#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -ۯ	lbMW%~q^FKGAm  " P   # xuL喏  (    (    %'M_6!
Kd̬f[ArK_6!
Ka̬f[As*L\fVkpɳs@-󆠹lfB/Dq%25fVkpɳs@-󆠹; B/Dq|  3f 03pSHC P 	A#6m lØY3KLi2iUTVd@:ITIy_N8Z@>lsc*
i
<uFoH1h'>9N1;q3.✖ (3PR̡([N#Mb0)Z\;;0&3_vIpa gx{=Cu6o}k쏋Q{3t&i<Wsg+4pͷ>b%j?I,ߠgi4=~}>eT	] k . RtL0<j?Q ^=+'~kЮ}2i鴧lscQΨ6hE:QVINn@,'H0bxU"Z{@^wf8',@~)?*$
'ǎu@:QH*ȖRR(IӁPAcu?:)R-9^!gy?jFrW$?ޔ'*I!}M@)UkVV2TRS4SιLD{qr[Z9ާWQ}9ChM饭2,;(fF,{F?E>EϞ}`SoO=H ^V)fNZrB]\o^jy~p5Wf;j6fѕXnhh!_TVFM3[.l\0+j+޳[rBPi2Ӂ욙P9(Kx͔zyFS۳ޗef6;掵ix  #    j@  f@  } @  @  h @  H@  ( @  @   @  @  1 @    $ xE      -f#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -g{^J=f@$er_m0ud~DH`m.  $  @  @    % xE      -f#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -g{^J=f@$er_m0ud~DH`m.  %  @  @    & xE      -f#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -g{^J=f@$er_m0ud~DH`m.  &  @  @    ' xE      -f#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -g{^J=f@$er_m0ud~DH`m.  '  @  @    ( xE      -f#\[NcTMW"
~qm^IG	       -g{^J=f@$er_m0ud~DH`m.  (  @ @      
      ?    	|   ) w®p0          (  The action potential 
causes the synaptic 
vesicles to release 
neurotransmitter 
chemicals.  ) "3   *  % 	   
  N     N     D   * C @     )Q  x0 D   bD   :iD   $@D 
  C@D   R D   jD   + xG囏  (    (    (    %̩1p$v0̬f[Iq?932l|.B}0"\Irbly32l|.[=Y0!\Arblp$; 025Y33&  3f :3pSHC P 	A#6m lØY3KLi2iUTVd@:ITIy_N8Z@>lsc*
i
<uFoH1h'>9N1;q3.✖ (3PR̡([N#Mb0)Z\;;0&3_vIpa gx{=Cu6o}k쏋Q{3t&i<Wsg+4ͷv+QHdl]vC轞gPυA ب丹;]p 'd~FV(]},84k_G.s莞Fiw{MLoM8cuFQD,µHsu8g	:D|
 4.hDcLP$`VX|8<ps&7ʾ%ԊtTXOΧ
T")@sWYse)皑D		j`Jr~_`~P*JUZՕL4TsSQg\֎wU_NCP?'0Sn3ij:&%w3c{G=Gl ֆ\Ѣ>)槞\/+vtT[De Y9!F|\ٯ5<?~{e8׳Q3F|J]\s4z*x+n|W-6S.TY9!(4LiMLZ~
(
ML%R=i<e)mمKcVsGZyG4P  +    * @  x8  j :q ,`
 K` R j@  x@@ r :y 4
 S R j& @  xH` z 2 <
 [ J b. @  xP   2  D
 c J!  b6@@  xX @ 2@ M 
 l  J)@ b>@  x` ` 2` U 
 t  J1` bF@  xi   2 ]@
 |@ J9 bN@  xq   * e`
 ڄ` BA ZV@  xy@  * m
 ڌ BI Z_ @  x`  * u
 ڔ BQ Zg @  x   *  }
 ڜ BZ  Zo@@  x   "  
 Ҥ :b  Rw`@  x @ "@  
 ҭ  :j@ R@  x ` "`  
 ҵ  :r` R@  x  ܠ "㠈 `
 ҽ` :z R@  x@  " 
 ŀ : R @  x`   
 ͠ 2 J @  x     
  2  J@@  xʠ     
  2  J`@      
     ?    	   , w®p0          (  The neurotransmitters 
link with the receptors 
on Neuron B, which 
causes electrical 
changes in Neuron B.  , ު23   -  % 	   
  N     N     Y   - X @     )Q   . q^h (    (    %&
%t߈Zh_fVkpɳs@-UY (    (    5ɉQ+5fdٹR*,E7|& (    (    %24&lt߈Zh_fVkpɳs@-UY (    (    5̩1q+5fdٹR*,E7|&  .    ~ⴠY   B͠Y 
  ͠Y   ʊ Y   (  J @ @  ~à B 
   ʊȠ@ @  ~͠ B 
 ᠈ ʊܠ@ @  ~레  
 *  @ @  ~   
 C	 J@ @ |   / xp$X
U      -Ǡ\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -5_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ  /  @  @    0 xYd!
      -I'\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -]_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -g_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -w\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  0  @  @   1 x%0!
      -]'\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -]_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -g_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -'w\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -g_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5=q_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -'\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -w\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  1  @  @   2 x#
      -,\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -lO_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -Y_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -?\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -鎈Y_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5$c_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -N?\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  2  @  @   3 x<
      -Đ\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -螈O_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -4Y_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -Z?\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -Y_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5Vc_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -?\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  3  @  @   4 x(
o      -@\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -v;_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -E_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -
\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -阈E_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5.O_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -b\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  4  @  @   5 x#
=      -Y_#q~eJ.(.knؤ6)7g3       -l	_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -'\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -鎈_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5$_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -	_#q~eJ.(.knؤ6)7g3       -N'\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  5  @  @   6 x#
y      -,\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -lE_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -O_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -鎈O_B8W=Tn7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       5$Y_B8W=To7Aoⶸfasvݓ>       -\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL@      -N\vYR4K/
tᛶ)8o͊MvL  6  @     
     ?    	   7 $'
.0           (  At the end, remaining 
neurotransmitters are  
either deactivated or 
recycled into the 
synaptic terminal.  7 
3   8  % 	   
  N     N     s   8 TҘr @     )Q C   9 ql@ (    yYCBG38ެt #̅@  9  	)   : o 0           (  Reuptake:  : a  s   yJ@s    	  @  @ {j@  ٪ }̀@  ׊  @  j  ҥ@  B `@  "w`  @  c :k@  P bX @  ʺ=  D@  Ț) 1`@  r`  @  R  
@       	 ?    	   ; w®p0          (  Summary: 
Neurotransmission is a 
simple process by which 
neurons communicate 
with each other.  ; +3   <  %      K$     4        <  ( @   @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @   
